Are You Losing Weight Too Fast or Too Slow?
As a Scottsdale Personal trainer, I’m an often asked in my boot camps and fitness programs how much can I expect to lose , also how much should I lose. I’m sticking to my guns on this one.
Slow, but steady weight loss of about 2 pounds per week is often encouraged as the most realistic and best approach for muscle maintenance and long term weight maintenance. However, weight loss recommendations should be customized for every individual. Some weight loss experts tell all their clients to lose only 1 or 2 pounds per week, under all circumstances. But it’s entirely possible that 2 pounds a week could be too fast for some or unnecessarily slow for others.
For people with a lot of weight to lose, it may be perfectly reasonable to lose more than 1-2 pounds per week.
People who weigh 300 or 350 pounds who set up their programs to drop only a pound a week because they were told that’s how they were supposed to do it, may find that slow rate of weight loss can actually become a de-motivator. They could actually take some steps to ramp it up.
If you have a high body fat level, you are better able to handle an aggressive calorie deficit without negative side effects. An already lean person who restricts calories will trigger the body’s starvation responses more than an overweight person. When body fat is high, you’re also less likely to lose muscle tissue when you’re in a calorie deficit. When body fat is low, you’re more likely to lose muscle tissue in a calorie deficit.
People who are already lean who want to get even leaner (such as bodybuilding, figure or fitness competitors) need to lose fat more slowly. Usually a rate of only a pound per week or even just a half a pound per week is ideal. Faster weight loss would be difficult to achieve without leading to muscle loss.
Considering the differences in physiology between people with a little body fat and people with a lot of body fat, a more customized guideline for weight loss would be 1% of your total body weight per week. For example, if you weigh 350 pounds, then a reasonable weekly goal could be as high as 3.5 pounds per week.
In the beginning, (the first week or two), many people see even greater weight loss than 1% of total bodyweight. However, large initial weight losses are usually from a loss of water and a depletion of glycogen, especially if the nutritional changes involve a reduction in carbs.
Why can a heavier person lose more fat/weight per week than a lighter person?
A heavy person has a faster, not slower, metabolism. Stated differently, they have much higher calorie expenditures to support the larger body and the cost of moving around that larger body. Therefore, they can create much larger caloric deficits, even with caloric restriction alone.
Here’s an example. A 25-year-old man 5 feet 9 inches tall weighing 350 pounds will, at least “on paper,” have a basal metabolic rate of 3000 calories per day. His total daily energy expenditure (maintenance level) at a moderate activity level will be 4675 calories. That seems like a lot, and theoretical (on paper) calorie needs don’t always match real world calorie needs, so this may be an overestimation. Nevertheless, it’s true that calorie needs for larger people will be higher than for smaller people. You can confirm this for yourself by plugging the stats into any calorie calculator formula.
If your maintenance level really is 4675 calories a day and you cut calories all the way to 2200 a day, then on paper, you have a huge deficit of 2475 calories per day, which would produce a weekly fat loss of about 5 pounds. The only problem is, that’s an extremely aggressive calorie cut. A more conservative calorie reduction would produce slower weight loss, but reduce the risks that come with rapid weight loss. If you weigh over 300 pounds, you could probably take in 2700-2800 calories a day and still be dropping up to 3 lbs a week – of pure fat. A “starvation” diet is completely unnecessary.
These examples show why a one size fits all program (such as “women eat 1500 calories, men eat 1800 calories”) is totally off the mark. Like everything else related to nutrition and training, you need to customize your caloric intake and deficit levels for your current situation.
Ultimately, the answer to whether you’re losing weight too fast should be based on your body composition, not just the scale.
Looking at your numbers, you are dropping quickly and you have lost a lot of fat (congrats! great work so far!) Dropping from 358 to 321 is a loss of 37 pounds in two months (9 weeks), that’s about 4.1 pounds of weight loss per week.
If your starting body fat was 45.1% at 358 pounds and you are now down to 321 pounds at 42% body fat that means you dropped 27 pounds of fat and 10 pounds of lean body mass:
45.1% @ 358 = 161.4 lbs fat, 196.6 lbs lean mass
42.0% @ 321 = 134.8 lbs body fat, 186.2 lbs lean mass
Naturally, you don’t want to see your muscle decrease. Moving forward, you’ll want to keep an eye on your lean body mass, but don’t get too concerned yet. Remember that lean body mass (LBM) represents all types of fat-free tissue and that includes water weight, which can fluctuate dramatically. Changes in glycogen stores and even the contents of your digestive tract can also affect your weight.
Also keep in mind that the bioelectric impedance analysis method for fat testing is not perfect and can occasionally produce some wacky numbers. You may have lost more fat than you think.
Watch your progress chart and if lean body mass is decreasing week after week in a downward trend, especially if you notice your strength decreasing as well, that is usually a sign that you are losing muscle tissue.
If you lose 4 or 5 pounds per week, but fifty percent of the weight is muscle, it would be better to make adjustments to your nutrition and training so you lose weight more slowly each week and you hold on to the lean body mass. But if you can manage to lose more than 3 pounds per week or more and its pure fat and you do it safely and sensibly, that’s fantastic – you’ve achieved better than average results – keep that up!
– Clarence Ferguson